Materi Pelajaran Alat Mesin Pertanian SMK/MAK Kelas 10 Kurikulum 2013 Semester 1

Berikut materi pelajaran Alat Mesin Pertanian Kelas X SMK/MAK Kurikulum 2013 Semester I sebagai berikut:

I. PENDAHULUAN

A. Deskripsi

1. Agricultural Engineering............................................................................................................ 3

2. Agricultural Mechanization atau Farm Mechanization .................................................. 4

B. Prasyarat

C. Petunjuk Penggunaan

D. Tujuan Akhir Pembelajaran ........................................................................................................... 7

E. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar .................................................................................... 7

F. Cek Kemampuan Awal

II. PEMBELAJARAN

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1. Identifikasi jenis alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing. ........................................................ 10

A. Deskripsi

B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................................. 13

1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ............................................................................................................... 13

2. Uraian materi .............................................................................................................................. 13

3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................150

4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................151

5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................153

C. Penilaian

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2. Fungsi bagian-bagian alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing

A. Deskripsi

B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ...............................................................................................................156

1. Tujuan Pembelajaran .............................................................................................................156

2. Uraian Materi.............................................................................................................................156

3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................270

4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................271

5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................273

C. Penilaian

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 3 : Prinsip dan prosedur kerja alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing .................................276

A. Deskripsi

B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ...............................................................................................................277

1. Tujuan Pembelajaran .............................................................................................................277

2. Uraian materi ............................................................................................................................277

Gabah hendaknya sudah betul-betul dengan kadar air 20-22%(maksimum). Gabah akan hancur/pecah jika kadar airnya lebih besar. ...................................................................301

3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................318

4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................319

5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................321

C. Penilaian

III. PENUTUP

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Sistem Produksi Pertanian ............................................................................................ 10

Gambar 2. Proses Produksi Pertanian dan Prosesingnya ....................................................... 11

Gambar 3. Klasifikasi Motor Listrik. ................................................................................................ 15

Gambar 4. Motor DC

Gambar 5. MotorSinkron. .................................................................................................................... 19

Gambar 6. MotorInduksi.

Gambar 7. Motor Bakar bensin 4 langkah (kiri) motor diesel 4 langkah (kanan) ........ 23

Gambar 8. Pandangan samping dan atas traktor beroda tunggal ........................................ 27

Gambar 9. Traktor Beroda Dua (hand tractor) ........................................................................... 28

Gambar 10. Pandangan samping dan atas traktor beroda dua ............................................. 28

Gambar 11. Mini Traktor ..................................................................................................................... 29

Gambar 12. Traktor Besar (Farm Traktor) ................................................................................... 30

Gambar 13. Traktor Standar Roda Ganda ..................................................................................... 30

Gambar 14. Traktor Sistem Fergusen ............................................................................................. 31

Gambar 15. Traktor Portal .................................................................................................................. 32

Gambar 16. Traktor Lereng (tampak depan dan tampak atas) ............................................ 32

Gambar 17. Bajak Singkal satu arah ................................................................................................ 35

Gambar 18. Bajak Singkal Dua Arah (empat singkal) ............................................................... 36

Gambar 19. Bajak singkal ditarik traktor besar (16 singkal) ................................................ 37

Gambar 20. Bajak Piring (Dua Piringan) ....................................................................................... 37

Gambar 21. Bajak Piring (Empat Piringan) .................................................................................. 38

Gambar 22. Bajak Rotary Traktor Besar Empat Roda .............................................................. 39

Gambar 23. Bajak Rotary Hand Traktor Roda Dua .................................................................... 39

Gambar 24. Bajak Rotary Traktor Roda dua (kiri) Roda Empat (kanan) ......................... 40

Gambar 25. Garu Sisir Untuk Lahan Kering .................................................................................. 40

Gambar 26. Garu Piring (Disc Harrow) Tepi Bergelombang .................................................. 41

Gambar 27. Garu Piring Tepi Rata

Gambar 28. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Lebar ............................................................................ 43

Gambar 29. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Sempit ......................................................................... 44

Gambar 30. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Sebar ............................................................................ 45

Gambar 31. Alat Penyebar Rabuk (Pupuk kandang) ................................................................ 47

Gambar 32. Alat Penyebar Pupuk (Broad cast – Applicator) ................................................. 48

Gambar 33. Alat penyebar pupuk cair dan gas ........................................................................... 49

Gambar 34. Bambu Runcing Pendek ............................................................................................... 53

Gambar 35. Alat Penyiang Tajak ....................................................................................................... 54

Gambar 36. Alat Penyiang Kored ...................................................................................................... 54

Gambar 37. Beberapa Garpu dan Sekop Kecil Pendek ............................................................. 55

Gambar 38. Garpu Gagang Panjang ................................................................................................. 56

Gambar 39. Cangkul alat penyiangan ............................................................................................. 56

Gambar 40. Landak Lahan Kering .................................................................................................... 57

Gambar 41. Garu Berbentuk Sisir ..................................................................................................... 58

Gambar 42. Kultivator yang dipasang di bagian tengah .......................................................... 59

Gambar 43. Kultivator 4 baris ............................................................................................................ 60

Gambar 44. Kultivator yang digandengkan pada bagian tengah dan belakang ............ 61

Gambar 45. Kultivator Lister 8 Baris .............................................................................................. 61

Gambar 46. Kultivator Landak........................................................................................................... 62

Gambar 47. Sprayer otomatis (kiri) - sprayer semi otomatis (kanan) .............................. 67

Gambar 48. Alat semprot jenis Atamozer ..................................................................................... 68

Gambar 49. Alat penyemprot jenis udara bertekanan ............................................................. 69

Gambar 50. Alat Penyemprot Jenis Gendong (knapsack)........................................................ 70

Gambar 51. Alat Penyemprot Sistem Hidrolik ............................................................................ 70

Gambar 52. Alat Penghembus Ditarik Hewan ............................................................................. 71

Gambar 53. Alat penghembus bermesin sendiri yang ditarik kuda .................................... 72

Gambar 54. Alat penghembus dengan tenaga PTO traktor .................................................... 73

Gambar 55. Skema kerja alat penghembus bertenaga motor sendiri atau dari PTO traktor

Gambar 56. Pompa Plunyer

Gambar 57. Pompa Torak

Gambar 58. Pompa Sentrifugal .......................................................................................................... 77

Gambar 59. Alat Ketam Padi (Reaper) ............................................................................................ 79

Gambar 60. Mesin Tuai dan Pengikat (Binder) ........................................................................... 80

Gambar 61. Alat Panen “Mini Combine” ......................................................................................... 81

Gambar 62. Mesin Panen Padi “Combine” ..................................................................................... 82

Gambar 63. Mesin Pengering Biji “Grain Dryer” ................................................................. 84

Gambar 64. Alat pengering biji-bijian model “sangrai” .......................................................... 86

Gambar 65. Paddy Threshertenaga manual ............................................................................ 88

Gambar 66. Paddy Thresherdengan tenaga mesin ............................................................. 89

Gambar 67. Alat pengupas gabah (Huller) ................................................................................ 91

Gambar 68. Pegas Setelan Rol Karet ........................................................................................... 95

Gambar 69. Mesin Penyosoh Tipe Gesekan ..............................................................................100

Gambar 70. Penyosoh tanpa tekanan angin (Engelberg).................................................101

Gambar 71. Mesin penyosoh beras tipe silinder ..................................................................102

Gambar 72. Oven listrik

Gambar 73. Moisture Tester-OHAUS ..............................................................................................106

Gambar 74. Analitical Ballance-OHAUS .......................................................................................107

Gambar 75. Mikroskop Binokuler ..................................................................................................108

Gambar 76. Mikroskop Cahaya ........................................................................................................109

Gambar 77. Mikroskop Stereo .........................................................................................................111

Gambar 78. Mikroskop Elektron .....................................................................................................112

Gambar 79. Mikroskop Ultraviolet.................................................................................................113

Gambar 80. Inkubator

Gambar 81. “Laminar air flow” .......................................................................................................120

Gambar 82. Beberapa Macam Ukuran Erlenmeyer .................................................................122

Gambar 83. Autoklaf

Gambar 84. Cawan petris / Petridish ............................................................................................125

Gambar 85. Gelas Ukur Dalam Berbagai Ukuran Volume .....................................................126

Gambar 86. Shaker(penggojok)

Gambar 87. Neraca Analisis ..............................................................................................................128

Gambar 88. Anemometer tiga mangkok ......................................................................................135

Gambar 89. Campbel Stokes .............................................................................................................138

Gambar 90. Psychrometer Bola Basah Dan Bola Kering .......................................................142

Gambar 91. Thermometer Maksimum ........................................................................................143

Gambar 92. Thermometer Minimum ............................................................................................144

Gambar 93. Thermohygrograph .....................................................................................................145

Gambar 94. Actinograph ....................................................................................................................145

Gambar 95. Barometer

Gambar 96. Penakar hujan jenis hellman ....................................................................................147

Gambar 97. Evaporimeter Panci Terbuka ...................................................................................148

Gambar 98. Thermometer Apung ...................................................................................................149

Gambar 99. Tutup Kepala Silinder ( Cylinder Head Cover ) ..................................................157

Gambar 100. Kepala Silinder ( Cylinder Head ) .........................................................................158

Gambar 101. Blok Silinder ( Cylinder Block ) .............................................................................159

Gambar 102. Torak dan kelengkapannya ...................................................................................164

Gambar 103. Batang torak ( Connecting Rod ) ...........................................................................166

Gambar 104. Pena Torak ( Piston Pin ) .........................................................................................166

Gambar 105. Poros engkol ( Crank Shaft ) ..................................................................................167

Gambar 106. Fly wheel (roda penerus) .......................................................................................168

Gambar 107. Mekanisme Katup ......................................................................................................169

Gambar 108. Karburator dan sistem aliran bahan bakar .....................................................171

Gambar 109. Pompa Injeksi (pada motor diesel) ....................................................................172

Gambar 110. Sistem Pelumasan pada Motor Bensin ..............................................................174

Gambar 111. Sistem pelumasan pada motor diesel ................................................................175

Gambar 112. Motor Diesel dengan pendingin sistem hopper .............................................177

Gambar 113. Motor dengan sistem pendingin radiator ........................................................178

Gambar 114. Sistem Pengapian (Motor Bensin) ......................................................................179

Gambar 115. Bagian-bagian motor diesel satu silinder tipe horizontal ..........................180

Gambar 116. Sistem bahan bakar motor diesel ..........................................................

Gambar 117. Kopling tipe pelat tunggal ......................................................................................192

Gambar 118. As PTO

Gambar 119. Drawbar

Gambar 120. Three point hitch .......................................................................................................195

Gambar 121. Alat-alat kontrol .........................................................................................................195

Gambar 122. Kunci kontak ................................................................................................................197

Gambar 123. Saklar lampu ................................................................................................................197

Gambar 124. Lampu penunjuk ........................................................................................................198

Gambar 125. Bak Persneling ............................................................................................................199

Gambar 126. Tuas PTO

Gambar 127. Pedal pengunci garden ............................................................................................201

Gambar 128. Tuas hidrolik ................................................................................................................201

Gambar 129. Pedang kopling ...........................................................................................................202

Gambar 130. Pedal Rem

Gambar 131. Tuas penggerak roda depan ..................................................................................204

Gambar 132. Pedal Gas Kaki

Gambar 133. Indikator dan saklar pada dashboard ................................................................206

Gambar 134. Kunci kontak ................................................................................................................206

Gambar 135. Tachometer ..................................................................................................................208

Gambar 136. Tuas gas

Gambar 137. Posisi tuas kecepatan ...............................................................................................209

Gambar 138. Tuas PTO

Gambar 139. Pedal kopling ...............................................................................................................210

Gambar 140. Pedal Rem (kiri dan kanan)) .................................................................................211

Gambar 141. Bagian-bagian bajak singkal ..................................................................................213

Gambar 142. Bagian-bagian Bajak Piringan ...............................................................................215

Gambar 143. Bajak rotari tipe tarik berpenggerak PTO ........................................................217

Gambar 144. Garu Piringan ..............................................................................................................220

Gambar 145. Bagian-bagian pompa torak ..................................................................................230

Gambar 146. Manset

Gambar 147. Gelang torak dan cara pemasanganya ...............................................................232

Gambar 148. Torak dengan perapat labirin ...............................................................................232

Gambar 149. Bagian-bagian pompa sentrifugal .......................................................................235

Gambar 150. Bagian-bagian alat panen padi (Binder) ...........................................................238

Gambar 151. Bagian-bagian alat panen padi (Combine) .......................................................242

Gambar 152. Bagian-bagian Mikroskop .......................................................................................250

Gambar 153. Bagian dan Proses Kerja Laminar .......................................................................253

Gambar 154. Bagian-bagian Autoklaf ...........................................................................................255

Gambar 155. Neraca Analitik ...........................................................................................................259

Gambar 156. Bagian-bagian Anemometer ..................................................................................261

Gambar 157. Bagian-bagian Alat Penakar Hujan (Hellman) ...............................................264

Gambar 158. Thermometer air raksa ...........................................................................................265

Gambar 159. Panci Bundar Besar ...................................................................................................268

Gambar 160. Hook Gauge

Gambar 161. Still Well

Gambar 162. Langkah-langkah Pada Motor 4 Tak ...................................................................281

Gambar 163. Langkah-langkah motor 2 tak ...............................................................................282

Gambar 164. Salah Satu Jenis Motor Bakar 4 Tak ....................................................................284